Downloads

• Acute Lumbar Spine Course Manual – Full
• Course Objectives and Outline

Links and References

2005
Benneker, Lorin M., Paul F. Heini, Mauro Alini, Suzanne E. Anderson, and Keita Ito. Vertebral Endplate Marrow Contact Channel Occlusions and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Spine 2005;30: 167–173
2005
Lim CH et al. Discogenic lumbar pain: association with MR imaging and CT discography. Eur J Radiol. 2005 Jun;54(3):431-7.
2004
Aoki Y et al. Innervation of the lumbar intervertebral disc by nerve growth factor dependent neurons related to inflammatory pain. Spine 2004; 29:1077-81.
2004
Aoki, Yasuchika Disc Inflammation Potentially Promotes Axonal Regeneration of Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons Innervating Lumbar Intervertebral Disc in Rats. Spine 04;29:1077-81
2004
Battie MC et al. Influences on lumbar disc degeneration. Spine. 2004; 29,23: 2679-2690.
2004
Haughton V. Medical imaging of intervertebral disc degeneration: Current status of imaging. Spine. 2004; 29,23:2751-2756.
2004
Holm S, Holm AK, Ekstrom L, Karladani A, Hansson T. Experimental disc degeneration due to endplate injury. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2004 Feb;17(1):64-
2004
Kent P, Keating J. Do Primary care clinicians think that NSLBP is one condition? Spine 2004;29:1022-31
2004
Masharawi Y et al. Facet orientation in the thoracolumbar spine. Spine 2004;16: 1755-63.
2004
Parkinson RJ, Beach TAC, Callaghan JP. The time-varying response of the in vivo lumbar spine to dynamic repetitive flexion. Clin Biomech 2004; 19:330-6.
2004
Roughley. Biology of intervertebral disc aging and degeneration. Spine. 2004; 29, 23:2691-2699.
2004
Simunic DI, et al. Mechanically induced disruption of the healthy bovine intervertebral disc. Spine 2004;29:972-8.
2004
Stokes, Ian A. F. and James C. Iatridis. Mechanical conditions that accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration: overload versus immobilization. Spine 2004;29: 2724–2732.
2004
Stokes. Disc degeneration overload versus immobilization. Spine. Volume 29. Number 23. 2004
2003
Fritz JM, Delitto A, Erhard RE. Comparison of Classification – Based PT with Therapy based on Clinical Practice Guidelines for patients with Acute LBP. Spine 2003;28:1363-72.
2003
Kobayahi S, et al. Changes in Nerve root motion & intra-radicular blood flow during intraoperative SLR test.Spine2003;28:427-34.
2003
Maigne et al. Pain immediately upon sitting down and relieved standing up is often associated with radiologic lumbar instability or marked anterior loss of disc space. Spine. 2003; 28,12:1327-1334.
2003
Saifuddin et al. Development of lumbar high intensity zone on axial loaded MRI. Spine 2003;28:E449–E452
2003
Van Dieen JH, Selen LP, Cholewicki J. Trunk muscle activation in low-back pain patients, an analysis of the literature. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2003;13:333–51.
2003
Videman T, et al. Associations Between Back Pain History and Lumbar MRI Findings Spine 2003; 28(6):582-588.
2002
Aoki et al. Local Application of Disc-related Cytokines on Spinal nerve roots. Spine 2002;27:1614-17
2002
Burke JG, Watson RW, McCormack D, Dowling FE, Walsh MG, Fitzpatrick JM. Intervertebral discs which cause low back pain secrete high levels of proinflammatory mediators. J Bone
Joint Surg Br. 2002 Mar;84(2):196-201.
2002
Karppinen J et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in relation to the COL9A2 tryptophan allele among patients with sciatica. Spine 2002; 27:78-82
2002
Malko JA, Hutton WC, Fajman WA. An in-vivo MRI study of the changes in volume (and fluid content) of the lumbar intervertebral disc after overnight bed rest and during and 8-h walking protocol. J Spin Dis Tech 2002;15:157-63.
2002
Nadler SF, et al. Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy provides more efficacy than Ibuprofen and acetaminophen for acute low back pain. Spine 2002; 15:1012-1017
2002
Shao Z, Rompe G, Schiltenwolf M. Radiographic changes in the lumbar intervertebral discs and lumbar vertebrae with age. Spine 2002; 27:263-8.
2002
Skouen JS. et al. Relative Cost-Effectiveness of Extensive and Light Multidisciplinary Treatment Programs vs. Treatment as Usual for Patients with CLBP on LT Sick Leave. Spine 2002;27:901-10
2002
Vad VB. Transforaminal ESI Spine 02;27:11-16
2002
Winkelstein BA, Weinstein JN, DeLeo JA. The role of mechanical deformation in lumbar radiculopathy. Spine 2002; 27:27-33.
2001
Atlas SJ, Keller RB, Chang Y, Deyo RA, Singer DE. Surgical and nonsurgical management of sciatica secondary to a lumbar disc herniation; Five-year outcomes from the main lumbar spine study. Spine 2001; 26:1179-87.
2001
Borenstein DG, O’Mara W, Boden SD, Lauerman WC, Jacobson A, Platenberg C, Schellinger D, Wiesel SW. The value of magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine to predict low-back pain in asymptomatic subjects. J Bone Joint Surg 2001; 83-A:1306-11.
2001
Doita M, Kanatani T, Ozaki T, Matsui N, Kurosaka M, Yoshiya S. Influence of macrophage infiltration of herniated disc tissue on the production of matrix metalloproteinases leading to disc resorption. Spine 2001; 26:1522-7.
2001
Dolan P, Adams MA. Recent advances in lumbar spinal mechanics and their significance for modelling. Clin Biomech. 2001;16:S8-S16.
2001
Edwards WT et al. Peak stresses observed in the posterior lateral anulus. Spine 2001; 26:1753-59.
2001
Epseland A, Baerheim A, Albrektsen G, Korsbekke K, Larsen JL. Patients’ views on importance and usefulness of plain radiography for low back pain. Spine 2001; 26:1356-63.
2001
Fazzalari NL et al. Mechanical and pathological consequences of induced concentric anular tears in an ovine model. Spine 2001; 26:2575-2581.
2001
Harrington JF, et al. The relation between the Vertebral endplate shape and Lumbar Disc Herniation. Spine 2001;26:2133-38
2001
Huijbregts PA. Lumbopelvic region: anatomy and biomechanics. Current Concepts of Orthopedic Physical Therapy. Wadsworth C, ed. Orthopaedic Section, APTA, Inc. Wisconsin. 2001.
2001
Kawaguchi et al. Immunophenotypic analysis of the inflammatory infiltrates in herniated intervertebral discs. Spine 2001; 26:1209-1214.
2001
Kimura S, Steinbach GC, Watenpaugh DE, Hargens AR. Lumbar spine disc height and curvature responses t an axial load generated by a compression device compatible with magnetic resonance imaging. Spine 2001; 26:2596-2600.
2001
Rohlmann et al. Comparison of intradiscal pressures and spinal fixator loads for different body positions and exercises. Ergonomics 2001;44:781-94.
2001
Willen J, Danielson B. The diagnostic effect from axial loading of the lumbar spine during computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in patients with degenerative disorders. Spine 2001; 26:2607-14.
2001
Yabuki S et al. Prevention of compartment syndrome in dorsal root ganglia caused by exposure to nucleus pulposus. Spine 2001. 26: 870-875.
2000
Adams M, et al. Effects of Backward Bending on Lumbar IVD. Spine 00;25:431-37
2000
Adams MA, et al. Effects of Backward bending on Lumbar IVD. Spine 2000:25:431-7
2000
Adams MA, Freeman BJ, Morrison HP, Nelson IW, Dolan P. Mechanical initiation of intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine. 2000;25:1625-1636
2000
Adams MA, May S, Freeman JC, Morisson HP, Dolan P. Effects of backward bending on lumbar intervertebral discs. Spine. 2000;25:431-438.
2000
Edmondston SJ, et al. MRI evaluation of Lumbar spine flexion and extension in asymptomatic individuals. Manual Therapy 2000;5 (3):158-64.
2000
Goldberg MS, Scott SC, Mayo NE. A review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine 2000; 25:995-1014.
2000
Harrington JF, Messier AA, Bereiter D, Barnes B, Epstein MH. Herniated lumbar disc material as a source of free glutamate available to affect pain signals through the dorsal root ganglion. Spine 2000; 25: 929-936.
2000
Haughton VM, Schmidt TA, Keele K, et al. Flexibility of lumbar spinal motion segments correlated to type of tears in the annulus fibrosus. J Neurosurg 2000;92:81–6.
2000
Race A, Broom ND, Robertson P. Effect of loading rate and hydration on the mechanical properties of the disc. Spine 2000; 25: 662-669.
2000
Woertgen C, Rothoerl RD, Brawanski A. Influence of macrophage infiltration of herniated lumbar disc tissue on outcome after lumbar disc surgery. Spine 2000; 25: 871-875.
2013
Ebert R, Campbell A, Kemp-Smith K, O’Sullivan P. Lumbar spine side bending is reduced in end range extension compared to neutral and end range fl exion postures. Manual Therapy. 2013. Article in Press:1-5
2012
Gallagher S, Maras WS. Tolerance of the lumbar spine to shear: A review and recommended exposure limits. Clinical Biomechanics. 2012;27:973–978
2013
Been E, Kalichman L. Lumbar lordosis .The Spine Journal. 2013: Article in Press
2010
Trudelle-Jackson E, Fleisher LA, Broman N, Morrow JR, Frierson GM. Lumbar Spine Flexion and Extension Extremes of Motion in Women of Different Age and Racial Groups. Spine. 2010 ;35(16): 1539–1544
2009
Li G, Wang s, Passias P, Xia Q, Li G, Wood K. Segmental in vivo vertebral motion during functional human lumbar spine activities. Eur Spine J. 2009; 18:1013–1021
2012
Park WM, Wang S, Kim YH, Wood KB, Sim JA, Li G. Effect of the Intra-Abdominal Pressure and the Center of Segmental Body Mass on the Lumbar Spine Mechanics – A Computational Parametric Study. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 2012;134:
2010
Dimitroulias A, Tsonidis C, Natsis K, Venizelos I, Djau SN, Tsitsopoulos P, Tsitsopoulos P. An immunohistochemical study of mechanoreceptors in lumbar spine intervertebral discs Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2010;17 : 742–745
2013
Nandyala SV, Lara AM, Frisch NB, Park D. The Athlete’s Spine—Lumbar Herniated Nucleus Pulposus. Oper Tech Sports Med. 2013; 21:170-176
2010
Fazey PJ, Takasaki H, Singer KP. Nucleus pulposus deformation in response to lumbar spine lateral flexion: an in vivo MRI investigation. Eur Spine J. 2010;19: 1115–1120
2010
Kuo C, Hu HT, Lin RM, Huang KY, Lin PC, Zhong Z C, Hseigh ML . Research article Biomechanical analysis of the lumbar spine on facet joint force and intradiscal pressure – a finite element study. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2010; 11:151 (1-13)
2011
Jaumard NV, Welch WC, Winkelstein BA. Spinal Facet Joint Biomechanics and Mechanotransduction in Normal, Injury and Degenerative Conditions. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering. 2011; 133
2005
Singh K, Samartzis D, Vaccaro AR, Nassr A, Andersson GB, Yoon ST, Phillips FM, Goldberg EJ, An HS. Congenital lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective, control-matched, cohort radiographic analysis.The Spine Journal.2005; 5:615–622
2013
Singh V, Montgomery SR, Aghadasi B, Inoue H, Wang JC, Daub MD. Factors affecting dynamic foraminal stenosis in the lumbar spine. The Spine Journal. 2013;13:1080–1087
2013
Kitab SA, Alsulaiman AM, Benzel EC. Anatomic radiological variations in developmental lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective, control-matched comparative analysis. The Spine Journal. 2013; Article in Press
2009
Carrino JA, Lurie JD, Tosteson AN, Carragee EJ, Kaiser J, Grove MR, Blood E, Pearson LH, Weinstein JN, Herzog R. Lumbar Spine: Reliability of MR Imaging Findings.Radiology: 2009; 250 (1):161-170
2013
Robertson D., Willardson R., Parajuli D., Cannon A., Anton E. Bowden. The lumbar supraspinous ligament demonstrates increased material stiffness and strength on its ventral aspect. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials. 2013; 17:34-43.
2004
Jemmett RS, MacDonald DA, Agur AMR. Anatomical relationships between selected segmental muscles of the lumbar spine in the context of multi-planar segmental motion: a preliminary investigation. Manual Therapy. 2004; 9:203–210.
2011
Han KS, Rohlmann A, Yang SJ, Kim BS, Lim TH. Spinal muscles can create compressive follower loads in the lumbar spine in a neutral standing posture. Medical Engineering & Physics. 2011; 33:472–478
2009
Arbanas J, Klasan GS, Nikolic M, Jerkovic R, Miljanovic I, Malnar D. Fibre type composition of the human psoas major muscle with regard to the level of its origin. J. Anat. 2009; 215: 636–641.
2011
Apazidis A, Ricart PA, Diefenbach CM, Spivak JM. The prevalence of transitional vertebrae in the lumbar spine. The Spine Journal. 2011; 11:858–862
2009
Kasai Y, Kawakita E, Sakakibara T, Akeda K, Uchida A. Direction of the formation of anterior lumbar vertebral osteophytes. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. 2009, 10:4
2010
Been E, Barash A, Marom A, Kramer PA. Vertebral Bodies or Discs Which Contributes More to Human-like Lumbar Lordosis? Clin Orthop Relat Res (2010) 468:1822–1829
2010
Dar G, Masharawi Y, Peleg S, Steinberg N, May H, Medlej, Peled N, Hershkovitz. Schmorl’s nodes distribution in the human spine and its possible etiology. Eur Spine J (2010) 19:670–675.
2010
Masharawi Y, Dar G, Peleg S, Steinberg N, Medlej B, May H, Abbas J, Hershkovitz J. A morphological adaptation of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae to lumbar hyperlordosis in young and adult females. Eur Spine J. 2010; 19:768–773.
2012
Lakshmanan P, Purushothaman B, Dvorak V, Schratt W, Thambiraj S, Boszczyk BM. Sagittal endplate morphology of the lower lumbar spine. Eur Spine J (2012) 21 (Suppl 2):S160–S164
2012
Wang Y, Battie M, Videman T. A morphological study of lumbar vertebral endplates: radiographic, visual and digital measurements. Eur Spine J (2012) 21:2316–2323
2013
Kim KH, Park JY, Kuh KS, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE. Changes in Spinal Canal Diameter and Vertebral Body Height with Age. Yonsei Med J. 2013. 1498-1504
2008
Guvencer M, Naderi S, Kiray A, Yılmaz HS, Tetik S. The relation between the lumbar vertebrae and the spinal nerves for far lateral lumbar spinal approaches. Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 2008; 15:192–197
2013
Ernst MJ, Rast FM, Bauer CM, Marcar VL, Kool J. Determination of thoracic and lumbar spinal processes by their percentage position between C7 and the PSIS level. BMC Research Notes 2013; 6:58
2012
Demondion X, Lefebvre G, Fisch O, Vandenbussche L, Cepparo J, Balbi V. Radiographic anatomy of the intervertebral cervicaland lumbar foramina (vessels and variants). Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging. 2012; 93: 690—697
2012
Inoue N, Espinoza AA. Biomechanics of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Orthop Clin North Am. 2011 October ; 42(4): 487–499.
2013
Kanna R, Shetty AP, Rajasekaran. Patterns of lumbar disc degeneration are different in degenerative disc disease and disc prolapse magnetic resonance imaging analysis of 224 patients. The Spine Journal. 2013 – Article in Press
2012
Suri P, Rainville J, Hunter D, Ling L, Kat JN. Recurrence of Radicular Pain or Back Pain After Nonsurgical Treatment of Symptomatic Lumbar Disk Herniation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93:690-5
2011
Wang S, Xia Q, Passias P, Li W, Wood K, Li G. How Does Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease Affect the Disc Deformation at the Cephalic Levels In Vivo? Spine. 2011 April 20; 36(9): E574–E581
2012
Weiler C, Schietzsch M, Kirchner T, Nerlich AG, Boos N, Wuertz N. Age-related changes in human cervical, thoracal and lumbar intervertebral disc exhibit a strong intra-individual correlation. Eur Spine J (2012) 21 (Suppl 6):S810–S818
2013
Qasim M, Natarajan RN, An HS, Andersson G.Damage accumulation location under cyclic loading in the lumbar disc shifts from inner annulus lamellae to peripheral annulus with increasing disc degeneration. Journal of Biomechanics. 2013 – Article in Press
2010
Beazell JR, Mullins M, Grindstaff TL. Lumbar instability: an evolving and challenging concept. Journal of Manual and Manipulative Therapy 2010;18(1):9-14